Abstract
Pond management requires that a specific fish culture is conducted while taking into account both production possibilities and profitability, as well as the impact it may have on the natural environment. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of three water management systems used in rainbow trout culture on water quality in fish ponds. It was conducted at six trout farms and differing in water management strategy. After water had flown through the fishing ponds, its quality was significantly less impaired at farms operating in the flow and cascade systems. In turn, waters discharged from farms using the recirculation system were characterized by the poorest quality and lowest values on the Water Quality Index (WQI). It was found that the flow and cascade systems can be used to maintain the water quality and give less fish mortality for trout. It has been shown that the use of a water recirculation system in rainbow trout cultures significantly affects the quality of water in fishponds and can potentially lead to suppression of fish resistance and in extreme cases, to fish death. This study will help fish farmers in choosing the optimal variant of water management, taking into account both the best fish health with the least negative impact of fish farms on the environment.
Highlights
Intensive development of fishery has been observed in the past two decades
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of three different systems of water management: flow system, cascade system, and recirculation system, used in rainbow trout culture on water quality in fish ponds
Water inflowing to the farms operating in the recirculation system was characterized by exceeded permissible concentration of total phosphorus, by 0.049–0.070 mg·dm−3 on average, and water inflowing to the farm No 6, BOD5 value exceeded by 0.1 mg·dm−3 on average
Summary
Intensive development of fishery has been observed in the past two decades. The increase in food production in the aquaculture is significantly faster than in other sectors manufacturing foods of animal origin [1,2,3]. The fishing industry is under a strong pressure from environmental conditions, the quality of which determines success in certain types of activities, and in some special cases, may even make them impossible. Fish are unable to separate their living space from the area where they leave their excreta. This deteriorates water quality in a production system and thereby contributes to poorer fish growth and to increased incidence of diseases [4,5].
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