Abstract
(1) Background: The primary goal of this study was to assess the effect of sand walking on Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), Body Mass Index (BMI), waist circumference, and quality of life among individuals with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). (2) Methods: A randomized-controlled design was conducted on 66 overweight participants suffering from T2DM. Participants were randomly allocated to sand walking (SW) (n = 33) and normal walking (NW) (n = 33) groups. Participants performed moderate-intensity walking for 30 min, 3 times a week for 4 months. Participants walking on sand had statistically significant mean scores for HbA1c, BMI, waist circumference and quality of life((M = 7.32, SD = 0.47),(M = 25.77, SD = 1.366),(M = 92.94, SD = 2.59), (M = 91.48, SD = 34.08)) than those walking on leveled surface ((M = 8.38, SD = 0.77),t(52.8) = −6.73, p = 0.003, (M = 26.80, SD = 1.38), t(64) = −3.05, p = 0.001,(M = 98.12, SD = 2.16.3), t(64) = −3.75, p = 0.001, (M = 112, SD = 33.7), t(64) = −2.45, p = 0.017)respectively. (3) Conclusions: Regular SW with a healthy dietary regime for 4 months led to a statistically significant difference in HbA1c, BMI, waist circumference, and quality of life as compared to NW group.
Highlights
Type 2 diabetesmellitus (T2DM) is one of the prevalent metabolic disorders worldwide [1]
Abstract: (1) Background: The primary goal of this study was to assess the effect of sand walking on Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), Body Mass Index (BMI), waist circumference, and quality of life among individuals with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). (2) Methods: A randomized-controlled design was conducted on 66 overweight participants suffering from T2DM
Our study aimed to evaluate the effect of sand walking on HbA1c and other health indicators in people with T2DM
Summary
Type 2 diabetesmellitus (T2DM) is one of the prevalent metabolic disorders worldwide [1]. Its prevalence has increased worldwide in the last three decades due to immobility, unhealthy dietary habits, environmental factors, and individual genetic vulnerability [2]. Developing countries like the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), Bahrain, Kuwait, Qatar, Lebanon, and the United Arab Emirates are among the world’s top countries with the highest prevalence of T2DM affecting 32.8 million people in 2011, expected to reach 60 million by 2030. Prompt dietary management [6] and regular exercise are reported to improve blood glucose homeostasis and eventually improve the quality of life [7]. Physical activity such as regular walking is associated with multiple physical and psychological benefits [8]. Walking and a Healthcare 2020, 8, 370; doi:10.3390/healthcare8040370 www.mdpi.com/journal/healthcare
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