Abstract
Energetic structural materials (ESMs) are an important class of military materials due to their good structural and energy-releasing characteristics. To improve the damage effect of metal–metal ESMs with good mechanical properties, W was added to the 48Al–52Ni composites, and the effect of W on the impact-induced energy release behaviors was investigated. The results showed that the hot-press process and the addition of W did not change the microstructure and surface state of the constituent particles, leading to a stable onset temperature of the Al–Ni intermetallic reaction in (48Al–52Ni)100-xWx composites. Meanwhile, the decrease in the contact area between Al and Ni in the composites with increased W content resulted in the decrease in reaction heat. During the impact process, the intermetallic reaction of W caused by the Al–Ni intermetallic reaction, as well as the oxidation reaction of Al and Ni caused by the brittle fracture along the weak interface, caused the released energy of (48Al–52Ni)40W60 to reach 2.04 kJ/g.
Highlights
Energetic structural materials (ESMs), called reactive materials or multi-functional structural energetic materials (MSEM), are a class of novel structural materials [1]
The damage effects of ESMs are dependent on kinetic energy and additional chemical energy released from impact-induced reactions
The introduced spherical-like W particles were randomly distributed in the continuous Al matrix
Summary
Energetic structural materials (ESMs), called reactive materials or multi-functional structural energetic materials (MSEM), are a class of novel structural materials [1]. The damage effects of ESMs are dependent on kinetic energy and additional chemical energy released from impact-induced reactions. The addition of a non-metal improves the energy release performance of metal–metal ESMs, but it leads to the collapse of mechanical properties. The second way to improve the damage effects of metal–metal ESMs is the addition of a high-density component, which can greatly improve the kinetic energy of ESMs. For example, introducing W, whose density is 19.35 g/cm, causes the combustion heat per unit volume to reach 21,150 cal/cm3 [14] in Al–Ni composites [15]. The effect of W on the impact-induced energy release behavior of Al–Ni ESMs is revealed from the microstructure, thermal reaction behavior, mechanical properties, and reaction product
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