Abstract
This study was carried out to determine the effect of volatile compounds produced from different Trichoderma spp. against different biological parameters of S. sclerotiorum. The results showed that volatiles of all tested Trichoderma spp. including T. reesei, T. ceramicum, T. rossicum, T. longibrachiatum, T. atroviride, T. viridescens, T. hamatum, T. harzianum, T. virens, T. koningii and T. koningiopsis were able to markedly reduce mycelial growth, sclerogenesis as well as mycelial and carpogenic germination of the sclerotia. The exposure of pathogen mycelium to volatiles of T. ceramicum, T. atroviride, T. viridescens, T. virens, T. koningii and T. koningiopsis for 24 h up-regulated four potential glutathione S-transferase (GST) genes including SS1G_10295.1, SS1G_00703.1, SS1G_01918.1 and SS1G_07195.1. In SS1G_07319.1, the volatiles of Trichoderma spp. did not show any effect on expression of the GST genes. In addition, enzyme activity of GST was determined with 1-chloro-2, 4-dinitrobenzene as substrate. While enzymatic activity was 42.5 units mg−1 protein in the control, it was recorded as 79.4, 89.3, 85.1, 88.9, 88.7 and 87.5 units mg−1 protein for volatiles of T. ceramicum, T. atroviride, T. viridescens, T. virens, T. koningiopsis and T. koningii, respectively.
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