Abstract
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Highlights
Bovine embryos (Day 6.5 – 7.5) collected from superovulated cows were exposed to open pulled straw (OPS) vitrification before in vitro culture for 72 hours. The aim of this cryopreservation study applied to embryos of different developmental stages and morphological quality grades was to assess embryo survival and process of embryo handling during commercial embryo transfer (ET) procedures using the conventional freezing method as a control
Successful use of vitrification in OPS results from a considerable thinning of the straw wall from 1.7 to 0.8 mm, which markedly reduces the thermal insulation effect, and from a considerable reduction of the inner diameter of OPS from 0.85 to 0.07 mm, which minimises the volume of the cryoprotectant and enhances capillary lift of the embryo-containing cryoprotectant solution maintaining its constant level in the capillary
The temperature drop from 0 oC to -196 °C is accelerated by direct contact of the cryoprotectant solution with liquid nitrogen to 16 700 - 22 500 oC per min, which is a tenfold of the freezing speed in sealed 0.25-mL straws
Summary
Bovine embryos (Day 6.5 – 7.5) collected from superovulated cows were exposed to open pulled straw (OPS) vitrification before in vitro culture for 72 hours. The aim of this cryopreservation study applied to embryos of different developmental stages and morphological quality grades was to assess embryo survival and process of embryo handling during commercial embryo transfer (ET) procedures using the conventional freezing method as a control. Conventional cryopreservation is a slow procedure which exposes the embryo at various phases of freezing to the action of a range of physical, chemical and biological factors This action can result in disruption of zona pellucida, cell membranes, and cytoskeleton, and the ensuing metabolic disturbances. The slow cryopreservation procedure requires a sophisticated and expensive equipment
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