Abstract
Vitamin D might elicit protective effects against cardiovascular disease by decreasing the level of circulating high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), an inflammatory marker. Thus, we conducted a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to evaluate the association of vitamin D supplementation with circulating hs-CRP level. A systematic literature search was conducted in September 2013 (updated in February 2014) via PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane library to identify eligible studies. Either a fixed-effects or a random-effects model was used to calculate pooled effects. The results of the meta-analysis of 10 trials involving a total of 924 participants showed that vitamin D supplementation significantly decreased the circulating hs-CRP level by 1.08 mg/L (95% CI, −2.13, −0.03), with the evidence of heterogeneity. Subgroup analysis suggested a higher reduction of 2.21 mg/L (95% CI, −3.50, −0.92) among participants with baseline hs-CRP level ≥5 mg/L. Meta-regression analysis further revealed that baseline hs-CRP level, supplemental dose of vitamin D and intervention duration together may be attributed to the heterogeneity across studies. In summary, vitamin D supplementation is beneficial for the reduction of circulating hs-CRP. However, the result should be interpreted with caution because of the evidence of heterogeneity.
Highlights
Vitamin D is gaining increasing attention for its novel association with cardiovascular diseases (CVD)
It is worthy of attention that vitamin D plays an important role in reducing inflammation [5,6], deducing us naturally to consider whether vitamin D supplementation protects against CVD incidence by decreasing the C-reactive protein (CRP) level
To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to perform a quantitative systematic analysis to evaluate the effect of vitamin D supplementation on circulating high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) level
Summary
Vitamin D is gaining increasing attention for its novel association with cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The effects of vitamin D supplementation on CVD prevention have not been completely determined because of the lack of randomized controlled trials (RCT) [1]. A number of studies have confirmed that C-reactive protein (CRP), an inflammatory marker, is a strong predictor of CVD [2,3,4]. It is likely feasible to prevent CVD with the help of CRP-reducing treatments. It is worthy of attention that vitamin D plays an important role in reducing inflammation [5,6], deducing us naturally to consider whether vitamin D supplementation protects against CVD incidence by decreasing the CRP level. A number of clinical trials assessing vitamin D supplementation on different populations have performed the determination of circulating
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