Effect of Vernalizing Temperature on Growth and Yield of Globe Artichoke

Abstract

This study was conducted to produce heads of artichoke in July in Korea. The artichoke was planted in the Autumn and it could be reaped heads of artichokes in late of May in Korea. It can inform us that the artichoke need under some low temperature during the Winter to open flowers. In order to harvest heads of artichoke in the Summer two kinds of cultivar ‘Green Globe’ and ‘Imperial Star’ those were grown for 4 weeks in green house of 17℃ which were treated at 3, 6, 9 and 12oC chamber for 4 weeks and then planted the 8th April. Plant distance was 150 × 50 cm. After 3 months most of artichoke of ‘Imperial Star (IS)’ made heads. Especially, the artichokes ‘IS’ were treated at 6℃ made heads 63% of plants but those at 12℃ made heads 33% and the artichokes (no treatment at low temperature) grown in greenhouse at 17℃ for 8 weeks made heads 5% of plants. ‘Green Globe (GG)’ made heads 28% of plants at 9℃ and 10% at 12℃, and ‘GG’ grown in greenhouse at 17℃ for 8 weeks never had made any head. The weights of head were 97 g and 86 g in ‘IS’ and ‘GG’ respectively. The yield of heads were 215 and 108 kg/10a in ‘IS’ and ‘GG’ respectively.