Effect of Vermicompost on Chemical and Biological Properties of an Alkaline Soil with High Lime Content during Celery (&lt;i&gt;Apium graveolens&lt;/i&gt; L. var. dulce Mill.) Production

Ilker Uz,Dilek Saadet Uras,Ismail Emrah Tavali,Sahriye Sonmez,Sevil Citak,Sedat Citak

doi:10.15835/nbha.44.1.10157

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate impact of vermicompost on chemical and biological properties of an alkaline soil with high lime content in the presence of plant under the open field conditions in semiarid Mediterranean region of Turkey. The study also included farmyard manure and chemical fertilizers for comparison and was conducted in two consecutive growth seasons in the same plots to observe any cumulative effect. Plots were amended with fertilizers in different rates and celery (Apium graveolens L. var. dulce Mill.) was grown as the test plant. In general, vermicompost appeared to be more effective to increase organic matter, N, P, and Ca compared to farmyard manure. Soil alkaline phosphatase and β-glucosidase activities, especially in the second growth season, were significantly elevated by the vermicompost application. Urease activity, however, appeared not to be influenced by the type of organic fertilizer. A slight but statistically significant difference was detected between organic amendments in terms of number of aerobic mesophilic bacteria with vermicompost giving the lower values. Results showed that, in general, vermicompost significantly alters chemical and biological properties of the alkaline soil with high lime content during celery production under field conditions compared to farmyard manure and that it has a high potential to be used as an alternative to conventional organic fertilizers in agricultural production in the Mediterranean region of Turkey.

Highlights

It is highly recommended to use organic fertilizers in agricultural production to supply soils with plant nutrients and improve soil chemical, physical, and biological properties (Brady and Weil, 2001)
The data suggest that vermicompost is more effective than farmyard manure to increase soil organic matter content even though farmyard manure used in the study has higher organic matter (Table 2)
Our findings are in agreement with these reports and suggest that vermicompost may be considered as a better alternative than farmyard manure, especially in terms of N and P addition, in alkaline soils of Mediterranean region of Turkey

Summary

Introduction

It is highly recommended to use organic fertilizers in agricultural production to supply soils with plant nutrients and improve soil chemical, physical, and biological properties (Brady and Weil, 2001). Vermicompost, which is the product of nonthermophilic biodegradation of organic material through the joint action of earthworms and microorganisms, contains plant growth promoting compounds and exhibits disease suppression properties in addition to being nutrient source and soil conditioner (Logsdon, 1994; Ersahin et al, 2009). Some problems, such as nutrient loss, nutrient toxicity, and salinity that may be associated with organic amendments under certain conditions could be avoided by vermicompost application due to more gradual release of nutrients from vermicompost to the soil environment (Kale et al, 1987; Nethra et al, 1999; Lazcano et al, 2008).

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Conclusion