Effect of Vegetables with Carbohydrate Meal on Glucose Excursions and Glycemic Control among Healthy Adults in Port Harcourt

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the impact of different meal compositions on glycemic control in healthy adults in the University of Port Harcourt by examining the order and combination of carbohydrate and vegetable consumption. Method: A randomized crossover trial was conducted with 30 male and female participants. Three groups were formed, each consuming meals consisting of carbohydrates and vegetables in different sequences. Continuous glucose monitoring and postprandial glucose tests were employed to assess blood glucose levels. The glycemic index (GI) of the meals was also determined. Results: Participants who consumed vegetables before carbohydrates exhibited significantly lower mean glucose levels compared to the other groups. The Vegetable before Carbohydrate group demonstrated a lower overall glycemic response, as indicated by the lower GI values at various time intervals. Conclusion: The findings suggest that consuming vegetables before carbohydrates can lead to better glycemic control in healthy adults. The order of food consumption plays a role in regulating postprandial blood glucose levels. Including vegetables, which have a low glycemic index, in carbohydrate meals can mitigate rapid spikes in blood glucose levels.