Effect of varying dietary lipid and protein levels on growth and reproductive performance of female swordtails Xiphophorus helleri (Poeciliidae)

Abstract

We conducted a study to determine the effect of dietary protein and lipid levels on the growth and reproductive performance of a freshwater ornamental species, the swordtail (Xiphophorus helleri). Two protein levels (20% and 30%) with four lipid levels (8%, 12%, 16%, 20%) within each protein levels were tested through formulation of practical diets labelled as 20P8L, 20P12L, 20P16L, 20P20L, 30P8L, 30P12L, 30P16L and 30P20L respectively. Results showed that dietary protein level significantly influenced final weight, weight gain and specific growth rate, while dietary lipid did not influence any of these growth parameters. More specifically, increasing dietary lipid levels from 8% to 12–16% in both 20% and 30% protein levels significantly improved swordtail growth performance. Dietary protein levels positively influenced gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indexes. Both dietary protein and lipid significantly influenced female muscle protein content. Significantly highest fry production was obtained from diets 30P12L and 30P16L, respectively, while diet 20P8L resulted in the lowest fry production. This present study indicates the dietary protein and lipid requirements for female swordtails for optimized growth and reproductive performances to be at 30% and 12% respectively.