Abstract
The mechanical and tribological properties of polyetheretherketone (PEEK)- and PEEK + PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene)-based composites loaded with and four types of nanoparticles (carbonaceous, metallic, bimetal oxide, and ceramic) under metal- and ceramic-polymer tribological contact conditions were investigated. It was found that loading with the nanofillers in a small content (0.3 wt.%) enabled improvement of the elastic modulus of the PEEK-based composites by 10–15%. In the metal–polymer tribological contact, wear resistance of all nanocomposites was increased by 1.5–2.3 times. In the ceramic-polymer tribological contact, loading PEEK with metal nanoparticles caused the intensification of oxidation processes, the microabrasive counterpart wear, and a multiple increase in the wear rate of the composites. The three component “PEEK/10PTFE/0.3 nanofillers” composites provided an increase in wear resistance, up to 22 times, for the metal–polymer tribological contact and up to 12 times for the ceramic-polymer one (with a slight decrease in the mechanical properties) compared to that of neat PEEK. In all cases, this was achieved by the polymer transfer film formation and adherence on the counterparts. The various effects of the four types of nanoparticles on wear resistance were determined by their ability to fix the PTFE-containing transfer film on the counterpart surfaces.
Highlights
IntroductionPTFE is one of the best fillers to improve wear resistance of polyetheretherketone (PEEK)-based composites
In order to compare the efficiency of loading with the nanofillers, four types were applied—(i) Carbonaceous—carbon nanofibers (CNF); (ii) Metallic—copper (Cu); (iii) Bimetal oxide—copper ferrite (CuFe2 O4 ); and (iv) Ceramic—silicon dioxide (SiO2 )
Loading PEEK with CNF did not cause a noticeable increase in tensile strength and the elastic modulus
Summary
PTFE is one of the best fillers to improve wear resistance of polyetheretherketone (PEEK)-based composites. Lu and Friedrich [4] investigated the tribological properties of the PEEK-based composites loaded with PTFE. Dry sliding friction tests were carried out according to the “pin-on-disk” scheme at a sliding speed of 1 m/s, and a contact pressure of 1 MPa. It was shown that loading with PTFE enabled significant reduction of the friction coefficient and wear rate. It was shown that loading with PTFE enabled significant reduction of the friction coefficient and wear rate In this case, the optimum PTFE content ranged from 10 to 20 vol.% (23 to 45 wt.%). It was found that a multiple reduction in the friction coefficient and wear rate was achieved due to the formation of a transfer film on the surface of a steel counterpart
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