Abstract
Studies of the formation and chemical composition of marine aerosols strongly suggest that certain ions in the ocean may be preferentially excluded from the sea-air interface. In the present study, measurements of the surface potential of electrolyte solutions were found to be a useful technique for studying in situ ion exclusion, which should provide information relevant to the phenomena observed at sea. In a series of surface potential measurements the ΔV changes due to a variety of Na salts, at a solution concentration of 2 moles, were in the order of decreasing potential: SO42− > CO32− > CH3COO− > Cl− > NO3− > Br− > I− > SCN−. In general the anion with the smaller hydration energy gave the greater decrease in ΔV. Regular decreases in ΔV were observed for the group IA and IIA chlorides at a given concentration: K+ = NH4+ > Na+ > Li+ and Ba2+ > Sr2+ > Mg2+. The sign of the surface potential change as well as the magnitude appears to be determined primarily by the anion; this determination suggests that the anions are preferentially associated with the water molecules at the surface.
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