Abstract
Thyroid cancer is the most common malignant tumor of the endocrine system seen in the thyroid gland. More than 90% of thyroid cancers comprise papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and follicular thyroid cancer (FTC). Although anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) accounts for less than 2% of thyroid cancer. But patients' lifespan after diagnosis is about 6months. Surgical interventions, radioactive iodine use, and chemotherapy are not sufficient in the treatment of ATC, so alternative therapies are needed. The WST-1 assay test was performed to evaluate the anti-proliferative effects of Valproic acid (VPA). Also, the effect of VPA on miRNAs affecting histone deacetylase was determined by Quantitative RT-PCR. In the SW1736 cell line, IC50 dose for VPA was found 1.6mg/ml. In our study, the level of oncogenic genes expression in cells treated with VPA, including miR-184, miR-222-5p, miR-124-3p, and miR-328-3p, decreased. Also, the expression of tumor inhibitory genes including miR-323-5p, miR-182-5p, miR-138-5p, miR-217, miR-15a-5p, miR-29b-3p, miR-324-5p and miR-101-5p increased significantly. VPA can ad-just countless gene expression patterns, including microRNAs (miRNAs), by targeting histone deacetylase (HDAC). However, further studies are required for more accurate results.
Highlights
Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy
IC50 doses which are defined as the inhibitor concentrations causing a 50% decrease in cell proliferation were determined for Valproic acid on SW1736 cell lines was measured using Graph Pad Prism v8.0.2 (Graph Pad Software) software dependent on time and dose
Valproic acid IC50 values on SW1736 cell lines were found as 1.6 mg/ml in the 48td hour (Fig. 1)
Summary
Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy. Different types of cancer include papillary cancer (PTC), follicular cancer (FTC), medullary cancer (MTC), and anaplastic cancer (ATC), of which papillary cancer is the more common and the most dangerous type of anaplastic [1]. Which are endogenously synthesized and can affect the expression of genes These molecules are single-stranded and noncoding RNAs so that in functional mode the length of these miRNAs does not exceed approximately 23 nucleotides [4]. Important point is that a miRNA can target multiple mRNAs and thereby show a regulatory effect on different genes. Some miRNAs act as tumor suppressors or oncogenes by targeting cancer-related genes. They play important roles in apoptosis, proliferation, migration, and cell invasion [7, 8]. MiRNAs decrease the expression of the target gene by reducing mRNA stability and/or preventing its translation [5, 9]. It is not surprising that their dysregulated expression may affect the neoplastic disease [10, 11]
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