Effect of vaccine efficacy on vaccination behavior with adaptive perception

Abstract

Most individuals opt for vaccination to acquire immunity protection and prevent disease transmission. However, individuals cannot obtain perfect immunity protection after vaccination, due to various factors such as the limitation of vaccine itself, storage and transportation. Failed vaccination experiences can alter individuals' perception of vaccination behavior. To analyze the influence of vaccine efficacy on vaccination behavior with adaptive perception, we propose a novel vaccination game model. The results demonstrate that for the moderate vaccination cost, the introduction of adaptive perception can promote vaccination behavior, and the promoting effect becomes more pronounced in the population with smaller perception fluctuation. Nonetheless, vaccination behavior is still constrained by a significant number of free-riders when vaccine effectiveness is high. Analyzing the distribution of strategies among individuals with different degrees, it is revealed that the reduction in vaccinated individuals influenced by free-riders predominantly occurs in individuals with low-degree. Furthermore, we examine the coupled effects of vaccination cost and vaccine efficacy on vaccination behavior, considering various levels of perception fluctuations. The results indicate the crucial role of vaccination cost in enhancing vaccination behavior, and previous findings also are consistent across scenarios with diverse vaccination cost. Our work contributes to an improved comprehension of vaccination behavior considering vaccine efficacy and perception.