Effect of Use of Propolis on Serum Levels of Il-17 and Clinical Symptoms and Signs in Patients with Ulcerative Oral Lichen Planus

Abstract

Background and aims: Ulcerative oral lichen planus is a relatively common symptomatic condition with a potential for malignant transformation. Interleukin-17 is a cytokines, which has attracted the attention of researchers as a factor effective in its etiology. Therefore, recent research in relation to the treatment of inflammatory and immunologic diseases has focused on techniques to decrease and regulate cytokines, especially interleukin-17. Propolis is one of the products of honeybees and has anti inflammatory, antineoplastic and antimicrobial properties and an effect on decreasing IL-17 levels. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of propolis on serum levels of IL-17 and clinical symptoms and signs in patients with ulcerative oral lichen planus. Materials and methods: In this clinical trial, 25 patients with ulcerative lichen planus were included. Blood samples were taken to determine IL-17 serum levels. Then 500-mg capsules of propolis were given for 30 days a capsule daily. After a month, serum levels of IL-17 were determined once again. In addition, pain severity (VAS) and the maximum sizes of lesions before and after administration of propolis were determined. Results: Mean serum levels of IL-17 before and after intervention were 135±16.5 and 127±12 pg/mL, respectively, demonstrating statistically significant differences. In addition, VAS means before and after treatment were 4.2±3.6 and 3.3±2.8, respectively, with statistically significant differences. The means of maximum lesion sizes before and after treatment were 14±7.7and 9.8±7.6 mm, revealing statistically significant differences. Conclusion: Administration of propolis decreased IL-17 serum levels, pain and burning sensation severity (based on VAS) and the maximum of lesion diameters in patients with ulcerative oral lichen planus.