Abstract
Effect Of Type I Antifreeze Proteins On The Freezing And Melting Processes Of Cryoprotective Solutions Studied By Site Directed Spin Labeling Technique
Highlights
Antifreeze proteins (AFPs) and antifreeze glycoproteins (AFGPs) protect organisms living in subzero environments from freezing injury, and even death [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]
After flash freezing the whole solution to a low temperature (
A seed ice crystal had to grow on the basal planes with the decrease in temperature due to the binding of AFP to the other facets, and its shape was confined to a bipyramid by the AFP while the rest of the solution stayed in super-cooled condition
Summary
Antifreeze proteins (AFPs) and antifreeze glycoproteins (AFGPs) protect organisms living in subzero environments from freezing injury, and even death [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]. It was reported that HPLC6 peptides bind to the 12 equivalent bipyramidal planes of ice Ih (hexagonal ice) along the direction [24]. The binding of the AFP to these surfaces confines the growth of ice crystal to a bipyramidal shape [25,26,27]. Many experimental results from the studies of mutagenesis and their antifreeze activities [27,28,29,30,31,32,33], solid-state NMR [17,18,19], and site-directed spin labeling technique [34] have demonstrated that the underlined residues in the above sequence bind to the ice surface
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