Abstract

Bioreduction of Cr-(VI) to less toxic and less mobile Cr-(III) is considered to be a viable clean-up option. Cr-(VI) biotransformation also produces soluble Cr-(III)-organic complexes with insoluble Cr-(III) compounds. It was reported that once Cr-(III)-organic complexes are formed they are relatively stable and recalcitrant in short-term biodegradation. There are no reported data regarding the toxicity of the Cr-(III)-organic complexes. The aim of this current research was to investigate the toxicity of the soluble Cr-(III)-organic complexes [Cr-(III)-citrate and Cr-(III)-histidine] on yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae L-1 wild type. Growth inhibition, direct viable cell count, dry biomass and changes in cell shape and size were measured to explore the potential toxicity of the Cr-(III)-citrate as well as Cr-(III)-histidine. Cr-(III)-citrate exerted the toxicity with an EC50 calculated from the % growth inhibition at 51.03 mg L−1, whereas the EC50 for Cr-(III)-histidine was 71.85 mg L−1. Scanning electron microscopic result showed deformation in cell morphology.

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