Effect of transplantation of adipose-derived multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells on the nervous tissue and behavioral responses in a mouse model of periventricular leukomalacia

Abstract

The study of opportunities to use stem cells of different origins in the treatment and rehabilitation of patients with perinatal pathology of the central neural system (CNS) is important.The aim of our study was to evaluate the effects of transplantation of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MMSСs) from adipose tissue in mice with experimental model of cerebral palsy – periventricular leukomalacia (PVL).Materials and methods. PVL was modeled by unilateral coagulation of common carotid artery in mice line FVB on sixth day after birth followed by exposure to hypoxia (6 % O2) with intraperitoneal injection of the endotoxin lipopolysaccharide 1 mg/kg. For transplantation we used MMSСs from adipose tissue of the 2nd passage derived from mice FVB-Cg-Tg(GFPU)5Nagy/J. Syngeneic transplantation of GFP-positive MMSСs suspension into seven-day-old (P7) animals with a model of perinatal brain damage was performed stereotactically into right hemisphere in 24 hours after PVL. Corticospinal function of the control animals and the mice with PVL was assessed by testing reaching and retrieval of food rewards.Results. After modeling PVL operated animals lagged in development, had less weight, height and disorders of static and kinetic reflex compared to non-operated control mice. Animals with PVL had lower rates of successful attempts at obtaining food: the percentage of successful attempts in control animals was 58 ± 3 % and in animals with PVL – 23 ± 4 %. In the group of animals with MMSСs transplantation after PVL modeling corticospinal function recovery was observed and the number of successful attempts was 43 ± 4 %.Conclusions. Syngeneic stereotactic transplantation of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells from adipose tissue contributes to the restoration of behavioral responses in animals after PVL and improves cytoarchitectonics in the focus of brain damage