Abstract
BACKGROUND: Spine surgeries are usually associated with excessive blood loss, which increases morbidity and mortality due to hemodynamic instability and subsequent blood transfusions. Tranexamic acid (TXA), an antibrinolytic drug, inhibits the activation of plasminogen, is found to be useful in reducing blood loss. METHODOLOGY: A prospective observational study conducted in Government Medical College, Kottayam for a period of twelve months, randomly assigned forty-eight adult patients (ASA I or II) undergoing thoracolumbar spine surgery into two groups, who received either a bolus of 10 mg/kg IV TXA after induction followed by an infusion of 1 mg/kg/h of TXA up to closure of skin, or an equivalent volume of normal saline. Blood investigations, surgical parameters, perioperative blood loss and blood transfusions were assessed. RESULTS: Both groups in the study were comparable with respect to demographic variables, baseline laboratory indices and surgical parameters. The mean perioperative blood loss was 44% less (P<0.05) and blood transfusion requirements were 71% reduced (P<0.05) in patients who received TXA. Mean surgical duration as well as postoperative hemoglobin drop was signicantly reduced in TXA group compared to Normal Saline group (NS). CONCLUSION: Tranexamic acid reduces perioperative blood loss and blood transfusion.
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