Effect of topiramate on NACHT -LRR -PYD -containing protein 3 inflammasome and interleukin-1β levels in trigeminal ganglion of migraine rats

Abstract

Objective To investigate the effect of topiramate on NACHT-LRR-PYD-containing protein 3 (NALP3) inflammasome and interleukin (IL)-1β levels in trigeminal ganglion of migraine rats. Methods Forty adult male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into blank group, saline group, model group, prevention control group, 10 mg/kg topiramate group, 30 mg/kg topiramate group, 60 mg/kg topiramate group, and 90 mg/kg topiramate group (n=5). Inflammatory soup was used to stimulate the dual matter of rats repeatedly to induce migraine models: rats in the blank group were without any treatment, those in the saline group were given saline to stimulate the dual matter, different concentrations of topiramate group were given to migraine models of the 10 mg/kg topiramate group, 30 mg/kg topiramate group, 60 mg/kg topiramate group, and 90 mg/kg topiramate group, respectively, and migraine models of the prevention control group were given saline containing 1% Tween80. Three h after the last treatment, the expressions of NALP3, caspase-1 precursor (pro-caspase-1), caspase-1 and IL-1β in trigeminal ganglion of rats were detected by Western blotting, and the best concentration of topiramate was chosen for subsequent immunofluorescence experiments. Ten healthy male adult SD rats were randomly divided into control group and topiramate group (n=5); the expression levels of NALP3, caspase-1 and IL-1β in trigeminal ganglion of the two groups were detected by immunofluorescence. Results The expression levels of NALP3, pro-caspase-1, caspase-1 and IL-1β were not significantly different between saline group and blank group (P>0.05); the expression levels of NALP3, pro-caspase-1, caspase-1 and IL-1β in the model group were significantly higher than those in the saline group (P<0.05). The expression levels of NALP3, pro-caspase-1, caspase-1 and IL-1β in 60 mg/kg topiramate group and 90 mg/kg topiramate group were significantly lower than those in the prevention control group (P<0.05). The fluorescence intensity of NALP3, caspase-1 and IL-1β in topiramate group was significantly lower than that in control group. Conclusion Topiramate can inhibit the expression of NALP3 inflammasome and IL-1β in the trigeminal ganglion of migraine rat models, and it is likely to be one of the important mechanisms for the prevention of migraine. Key words: Topiramate; Migraine; Trigeminal ganglion; LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3; Interleukin-1 beta