Abstract
Friction stir welding was carried out on AA6061/AZ31B alloy, and the influence of tool offset on microstructures and mechanical properties of the joints was studied. The results showed that preferred properties were obtained when Mg was placed in the Advancing Side (AS) and offset was positioned into Mg. The distribution of Al3Mg2 and Al12Mg17 intermetallic compounds (IMCs) could be improved with offset in a certain range. The tensile strength of the joints was elevated with the increase of the offset due to the superior distribution and diminished size of IMCs, and when the offset was 1.5 mm, the joint strength reached the maximum value of 107 MPa. The microhardness of the stirring zone decreased with the increased offset.
Highlights
With the increasing demand for lightweight material structures, new technologies are constantly being developed and applied in manufacturing industry in order to save weight and costs
There are several problems in welding of Al/Mg alloy such as: (i) large thermal stress in welding which would lead to hot cracks, (ii) unstable metallurgical bond results from difference of lattice types, and (iii) intermetallic compounds (IMCs) formed at high temperatures which would seriously deteriorate the properties of the joints [6,7]
Sato [12] found that when AZ31 magnesium alloy was placed on the advanced side (AS) and 1050 aluminum alloy was placed on the retreating side (RS), the joints with better forming quality could be obtained, while Mclean [13] reported that when 5083 aluminum alloy was placed on the AS, the joints appeared high quality
Summary
With the increasing demand for lightweight material structures, new technologies are constantly being developed and applied in manufacturing industry in order to save weight and costs. Friction stir welding (FSW) is a new solid-state joining technique, which could produce reliable joints of dissimilar alloys owning to its relatively low and controllable heat input and enough interface contact between the two materials [8,9]. [16]FSW found that high strength joints onlythe when the magnesium in theasRS on the the pin experiments andinsimulation the process of aluminum andwas a alloy placed was chosen thebased. Were obtained only when the magnesium alloy was chosen as the AS and the pin was placed in this In another side, in dissimilar welding controlling the temperature is extremely important side. Paper, FSW was performed to join AA6061/AZ31B alloy, and the effects of tool were systematically offset on microstructures, especially in characteristics of IMCs and the mechanical properties of the joints were systematically
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