Abstract
Carbon nanohorns (CNHs) are attractive for various applications, where a high specific surface area and long dispersion stability in water are important. In the present work, we study these parameters of CNHs prepared by arc evaporation of graphite depending on the conditions of the synthesis and subsequent oxidation in air. It is shown that the addition of toluene in the reactor during the arcing allows obtaining CNHs functionalized with −CHx groups. Heating of CNHs in air at 400 °C leads to substitution of −CHx groups for oxygen-containing groups. Moreover, the CNH endcaps are opened at 500 °C, and as a result, the specific surface area of CNHs increases 4 times. Aqueous suspensions with a concentration of oxidized CNHs of 100 µg/mL are stable for 8 months.
Highlights
Introduction in WaterNanomaterials 2021, 11, 992.Carbon nanohorns (CNHs) are short tubular structures with conical endcaps, where the wall-constituting carbon atoms are in the sp2 -hybridized states
The morphology of the CNH samples was studied depending on the conditions of arc synthesis and the subsequent heat-treatment in air
These contacts are most likely provided by −CHx groups present on the CNH
Summary
Introduction in WaterNanomaterials 2021, 11, 992.Carbon nanohorns (CNHs) are short tubular structures with conical endcaps, where the wall-constituting carbon atoms are in the sp2 -hybridized states. High pore volume [6,7,8] and specific surface area (SSA) [9,10] make CNHs very promising for nanofluids [11,12], catalysis [13,14], medicine [15,16,17,18], electrochemistry [9,19], electromagnetic [2,5,20] and sensing applications [6,21,22]. The improvement of availability of their pores for guest species, the increase of the SSA value, and the enhancement of the stability of their suspensions become very important
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