Abstract
The current study was conducted in private station located in the middle of Iraq by using 100 blood samples from 100 Holstein cows to isolate DNA and determine the genotypes of TNF-α gene in tow regions on reproductive performance. Results showed two alleles with co-dominance and three genotypes was detected in 1st position (4th exon), the allele frequency was 0.695 and 0.305 for A and C allele respectively. The allele frequency in 2nd region (Flank region) was 0.64 and 0.36 for A and G allele respectively. Results showed a significant effect of gene polymorphism in 4th exon on retained placenta rate which differed significantly (P≤0.01) among cow groups, the highest rate was recorded in cows with cows with AC genotype about 0.24. A significant effect of gene polymorphism in 4th exon on ovulation weakness rate, the highest rate was recorded in cows with cows with CC genotype about 0.12. Parturition difficulties rate differed significantly (P≤0.01) , the highest rate was recorded in cows with mutant genotype namely,0.18. Results showed a significant effect of gene polymorphism in flank region, retained placenta rate was differed significantly (P≤0.01) among cow groups, the highest rate was recorded in cows with GC genotype about 0.20.
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