Effect of titanium substitution on magnetic and dielectric properties of BaFe12O19 ceramics prepared by solid-state and co-precipitation methods

Abstract

Barium ferrite has been modified by addition of titanium ions according to the formula BaTixFe(12-x)O19, with values of x as 0.00, 0.07, 0.14, 0.42, and 0.70. Samples were synthesized via solid-state and co-precipitation methods and then characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) as well as thermal analysis of dielectric constant and magnetization. The majority phase of barium ferrite with a hexagonal structure is observed in all samples, while the presence of Ti 2p was confirmed in the titanium-substituted samples. The saturation magnetization values for samples with x = 0.00, 0.07, and 0.14 are near the 50 emu/g. In contrast, samples with higher x values as 0.42 and 0.70 show significant magnetization loss with some low-temperature magnetic transition observed for x = 0.42. Dielectric characterization performed by thermal scanning of dielectric permittivity shows a substantial increase in the dielectric constant. It reveals the presence of a paraelectric-like transition at high temperatures induced by the addition of titanium.