Abstract
Operational damages of heat exchange tubes (HET) in steam generators of WWER-1000 power units were studied by means of metallography and scanning electron microscopy. The crack initiation and growth mechanism was found to be associated with the combined action of non-metallic TiN inclusions in 08Kh18T10T steel, their drawing during pipe rolling, as well as vibration loads in HET. An explanation is given for the differences in the rates of HET damage at WWER-1000 and WWER-440 power units. Approaches to reducing the level of HET damage and increasing the resource capabilities of steam generators are considered.
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