Effect of tillage with injection some organic materials on power requirements for chisel plow and sandy calcareous soil productivity

Abstract

This investigation was to achieve two purposes, the first to raise the distribution efficiency and effectiveness of liquid organic material (Root Plus) by being injected into the soil with the process of plowing using chisel plow where it will mix the liquid material with the soil well and at different depths, which increases the effectiveness of organic material to enrich the area of root growth in soil and leading to increase crop productivity. The second purpose to exploit the injected of liquid organic material in the soil under pressure to format a thin layer of liquid between the chisel blade surface and the soil slice, which works to ease of sliding and reduce the friction force between the chisel blade surface and the soil slice. Also using the pressure force of liquid organic material to fragment the soil slice on the blade surface, which leads to increase the degree of fragmentation of the soil and increasing the quality of the plowing and less force required to pulling the chisel plow into the soil. To achieve these goals, modifications were made to the traditional chisel plow (7 blades) so it fits the injection process of liquid organic material through the process of plowing and field experiment was carried out in a sandy calcareous soil (Ras-Sudr area) included the following treatments: Three ways to add liquid organic material (injection, spray and not added), two plowing depths (15 and 25 cm) and three tractor forward speeds (3, 4 and 5 km.h -1 ). The obtained results from this investigation could be summarized as follows: The soil bulk density, penetration resistance and mean weight diameter (M.W.D.) were much more decreased after all treatments of tractor forward speed, tillage depth and injection liquid organic material. The soil porosity showed reverse trends as compared with the changes in the soil bulk density. Using the chisel plow for 15cm depth and5km.h -1 forward speed with injection liquid organic material gave the higher values of actual field capacity and power required to inject organic material but gave little specific cost of production. Using the chisel plow for 15cm depth and 3km.h -1 forward speed with injection liquid organic material gave lowest values of tractor slippage, fuel consumption, power required for pulling plow and total power (power required for pulling plow plus power required to inject organic material). Using the chisel plow at25cm depth and5km.h 1 forward speed with no adding organic material gave the higher values of tractor slippage, fuel consumption, power required for pulling plow and total power. The higher value of wheat grain yield achieved when using the chisel plow at25cm depth and 5km.h -1 forward speed with injection liquid organic material but the lowest value of specific cost of production achieved when using the chisel plow at 15cm depth and 5km.h -1 forward speed with injection liquid organic material. On the other hand, the obtained results at 25cm plowing depth and forward speed 5 km.h -1 with injection liquid organic material were achieved the pest values of soil physical properties, the highest values of wheat grain yield and the specific cost was closely to those obtained at 15cm plowing depth and forward speed 5 km.h -1 withinjection liquid organic material. Therefore, we can be recommended that using of chisel plow at 25cm depth and 5 km.h -1 forward speed with injection liquid organic material for seedbed wheat production under the conditions of this experiment.