Effect of TiC particle size on physical, mechanical and tribological properties of Cu-TiC metal matrix composites

Abstract

This research article aims to produce a metal matrix composite (MMC) material consisting of Cu-20%TiC using the powder metallurgy route, followed by sintering. The study provides insight into the impact of different TiC particle sizes on the physical, mechanical, and wear properties of the MMC. The surface morphology of the samples was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, while Vickers hardness and tensile tests were employed to determine mechanical properties. Additionally, sliding wear tests and frictional tests were performed to assess tribological properties. The results show that varying the particle size of the reinforcement material significantly affects physical, mechanical, and tribological properties. Larger TiC particle sizes yielded better mechanical properties due to reduced interfacial area for load transformation and higher stress concentration endurance, but better wear and anti-frictional properties were observed for better-dispersed larger particles. SEM micrographs indicated homogeneous distribution of metal matrix particles. The worn surface was smoother for larger particle sizes, and abrasive wear was the dominant wear mechanism. Results were similar for TiC particles with average sizes of 45 μm and 60 μm. The sample having particle sizes of 45 μm has shown the best results with relative density of 96.92%, micro-hardness of 168.09 Hv, and tensile strength of 369.24 MPa. The wear rate was reduced by 21%–28%, and the frictional coefficient was reduced by 24%–50% for a particle size of 45 μm compared to a particle size of 15 μm.