Abstract
ABSTRACT: Maternal colostrum provides the neonate with immunoglobulins, essential for passive immunity. However, storage and handling of colostrum can alter its physical and nutritional characteristics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of three conservation methods on colostrum density, pH, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), protein (PP) and lipid peroxidation (LP). Colostrum samples were collected from 15 Bos indicus cows, and divided into three aliquots for storage using three methods: refrigeration at 4°C, freezing at -20°C, and lyophilization. For each method, four evaluation times were performed: day (d) 5, 10, 15, and 20 for refrigeration and d 15, 30, 45, and 60 for freezing and lyophilization. pH and density analyses were performed at each evaluation time for each method. On d 0 and 15 of storage, TAC, LP, and PP analyses were performed. A generalized linear model, Tukey’s test for means comparisons, and a Pearson correlation analysis were conducted. A decrease in refrigerated colostrum pH was observed on d 15. Density of the lyophilized colostrum decreased, as compared with that of frozen colostrum. Lyophilization exhibited the lower PP values of samples, whereas refrigeration presented the highest values of LP and PP. No differences in colostrum TAC were observed between storage methods. A positive correlation between PP and colostrum density and a negative correlation between colostrum density and TAC were found. It was concluded that both freezing and lyophilization are suitable storage methods for bovine colostrum, as they limit proteins and lipids oxidation, and maintain the TAC of fresh colostrum.
Highlights
Colostrum is the first milk secreted by cows after parturition and contains immunoglobulins that are essential for protecting neonatal calves against diseases (CUMMINS et al, 2016b)
Employing management practices to ensure that calves receive a sufficient volume of high-quality colostrum on their first day of life is critically important for calf health and future production (HUE et al, 2021)
Sample collection Samples of bovine maternal colostrum were collected from the first milking after calving within the first 8 h from 15 Bos indicus females on a farm in Cimitarra, Santander, Colombia
Summary
Colostrum is the first milk secreted by cows after parturition and contains immunoglobulins that are essential for protecting neonatal calves against diseases (CUMMINS et al, 2016b). Because of the manner of bovine placentation, calves are born almost agammaglobulinemic, with a complete but immature immune system (GODDEN et al, 2019) They need to absorb good-quality colostrum soon after birth to ensure adequate immunoglobulin transfer (MORIN et al, 2021). Employing management practices to ensure that calves receive a sufficient volume of high-quality colostrum on their first day of life is critically important for calf health and future production (HUE et al, 2021). On this basis, colostrum is routinely stored before feeding, in which colostrum is kept in a refrigerator or freezer or at ambient temperatures for an extended period of time (CUMMINS et al, 2016b). It has been reported that storing and handling dairy products after harvest and before consumption can alter their physical, nutritional, and bacterial characteristics (FISCHER et al, 2018; GODDEN et al, 2019), as well as other immune properties and bioactive compounds, such as leukocyte concentration, immunoglobulins, whey proteins, and enzymes (XU et al, 2021)
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