Effect of thermophoretic particle deposition on the three-dimensional flow of nanofluid induced by a nonlinear stretched surface

Abstract

The current investigation is carried out to study a heat source/sink in a porous medium generated by a nonlinear stretched surface with the impact of thermophoretic particle deposition (TPD) on three-dimensional (3D) nanofluid flow due to the vast range of industrial applications like a condensation of aerosol particles on walls, extraction of oil, coated steel cooling, and radial reflectors. The mathematical model was subjected to a boundary layer approximation, which resulted in the development of partial differential equations (PDEs) then converting these equations to ordinary differential equations (ODEs) the similarity variable is used. The system of reduced ODEs is solved with Runge–Kutta-Fehlberg fourth fifth-order (RKF-45) and shooting techniques with the help of MATLAB software. Discussions are made with the help of graphs obtained for various dimensionless constraints. The results show that nanoparticle addition will improve the thermal profile, but contrary behavior is seen in the velocity and concentration profiles. Three-dimensional figures are drawn to show the behavior of different constraints over Nusselt, Sherwood, and Skin friction factors along with the numerical tabulation presented.