Effect of thermal oxidative ageing on the morphology of natural rubber networks as viewed by ESR

Abstract

The change of network morphology of unfilled sulfur crosslinked natural rubber exposed to thermal oxidative ageing has been studied. Three model networks with different sulfur contents (efficient network, semi-efficient and conventional vulcanizate) have been analysed by applying spin probe ESR, equilibrium swelling measurements and mechanical measurements. By combining the density distribution deduced from the complex ESR spectra and the equilibrium swelling density, it is shown that the major network changes occur in the networks with predominantly polysulfidic bonds (conventional network) after 96 h of ageing at 373 K. The effect of ageing on the network with predominantly monosulfidic bonds is much less pronounced. Both effects (main chain scission and additional local crosslinking) have been analysed in the course of prolonged ageing up to 240 h. A correlation between network structure and its mechanical performance is established. © 2000 Society of Chemical Industry