Abstract

The role of the range of interaction on the stability of the nuclei propagating with and without momentum dependent interactions is analyzed within the framework of Quantum Molecular Dynamics (QMD) model. A detailed study is carried out by taking different equations of state (i.e., static soft and hard and the momentum dependent soft and hard) for the selected nuclei from 12C to 197Au. Comparison is done by using the standard and the double width of the Gaussian wave packets. We find that the effect of the double width of the Gaussian wave packets on the stability of the initial stage nuclei cannot be neglected. The nuclei having double width do not emit free nucleons for a long period of time. Also, the ground state properties of all the nuclei are described well. In the low mass region, the obtained nuclei are less bound but stable. Heavy mass nuclei have proper binding energy and are stable.

Highlights

  • Heavy-ion collisions at intermediate energies lead to final states containing many complex fragments

  • The role of the range of interaction on the stability of the nuclei propagating with and without momentum dependent interactions is analyzed within the framework of Quantum Molecular Dynamics (QMD) model

  • We find that the effect of the double width of the Gaussian wave packets on the stability of the initial stage nuclei cannot be neglected

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Summary

Introduction

Heavy-ion collisions at intermediate energies lead to final states containing many complex fragments. The most pronounced effect is from the momentum dependence of the nuclear interaction which leads to an additional repulsion between the nucleons when boosted as in heavy-ion collisions [5] This repulsive interaction vanishes for relative momentum zero and increases logarithmically with the incident energy. Since the fate of the reaction depends on the density, and on the momentum space [1,2,3,4,5], momentum dependent potentials have been implemented into the early molecular dynamics as well as into the time dependent meson field approach [6] All these models predict a significant influence of non-local interactions on the collective flow, particle production, rapidity distribution, anisotropy ratio, density and temperature etc [1, 2, 4, 6,7,8,9]. During the evolution of a single cold nucleus, it has been found that the inclusion of MDI increases the emission of free nucleons and light charged particles (2≤A≤4), but no heavier fragments are emitted artificially

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