Effect of the Very Low Calorie Ketogenic Low-Fat Diet (VLCKLFD) Compared to a Low-Calorie Diet (LCD) on the Lipid Profile of Mexican Patients with Type I Obesity

Abstract

BackgroundDyslipidemia is known as abnormalities in the concentration of lipids in the blood. The most important are hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia, there are other alterations, such as the decrease in HDL cholesterol. In Mexico, a study of more than 1,700 patients showed that 16.4% had cholesterol levels ≥240 mg/dl, 34.1% of those studied reported values between 200 - 240 mg/dl, and 32.5% had elevated triglyceride and they had not been previously diagnosed. ObjectiveTo compare the effect of two nutritional interventions in the regulation of blood lipid levels. MethodologyA prospective, randomized, double-blind study, lasting 12 weeks. 88 patients were recruited, 56 assigned to VLCKLFD group and 32 to LCD group. We evaluated total weight, visceral body fat, cholesterol levels, HDL, LDL, VLDL and triglycerides. ResultsThe mean weight loss for the VLCKLFD reported 12.39 ± 2.8, while for the LCD it was 6.95 ± 1.9 kg. (p < 0.001).The total cholesterol in VLCKLFD group at baseline was 192.6 ± 35.7 mg/dl and at the end 170.0 ± 34.3 mg/dl., patients assigned to LCD baseline was 184.6 ± 36.1 mg/dl and at the end of the study was 166.46 ± 34.3 mg/dl.The Triglycerides in the VLCKLFD group at baseline was 161.5 ± 68.7 mg/dl and in the final determination was 94.1± 42.1 mg/dl., the LCD group at baseline reported 165.5 ± 100.74 mg/dl and the final 106.5 ± 57.22 mg/dl. ConclusionVLCKLFD is more effective at 12 weeks in reducing blood lipid levels when compared with LCD.