Abstract

采用界面扩张流变技术研究了季铵盐偶联表面活性剂C12-(CH2)2-C12?2Br (Gemini12-2-12)及其与离子液体表面活性剂溴化1-十二烷基-3-甲基咪唑(C12mimBr)复配体系的动态界面张力、扩张流变性质和界面弛豫过程等,探讨了C12mimBr对C12mimBr/Gemini12-2-12混合体系界面性质的影响及C12mimBr对Gemini12-2-12界面聚集行为影响的机制。结果表明,随着离子液体表面活性剂的不断引入,体系界面吸附达到平衡所需的时间逐渐缩短,扩张模量和相角明显降低,界面吸附膜由粘弹性膜转变为近似纯弹性膜;同时,界面及其附近的弛豫过程也发生显著变化,慢弛豫过程消失,快弛豫过程占主导地位,且离子液体浓度越高,快弛豫的贡献越大。这些界面性质的变化主要归因于离子液体表面活性剂C12mimBr参与界面形成及两表面活性剂在界面竞争吸附的结果。少量离子液体表面活性剂C12mimBr的加入可以填补疏松的Gemini12-2-12界面上的空位,形成混合界面吸附膜。随着C12mimBr含量的增加,嵌入界面的C12mimBr分子数不断增多,导致界面上相互缠绕的Gemini12-2-12烷基链“解缠”,在体相和界面分子扩散交换的过程中“解缠”的Gemini12-2-12分子从界面上解吸回到体相,与此同时, C12mimBr分子相对较小的空间位阻及较强的疏水作用促使其优先扩散至界面进而取代Gemini12-2-12分子,最终界面几乎完全被C12mimBr分子所占据。

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