Effect of the Serum Level of Interleukin-6 and Interleukin-10 on Chemotherapy in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Iraqi Patients

Abstract

Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a cancer of the myeloid line of blood cells, It is characterized by malignant clonal proliferation and differentiation of immature myeloid progenitor cells that differentiate into malignant myeloblasts which cannot function like normal blood cells. Normally, cytokines are secreted by different types of cells to regulate the immune response, but in AML patients, cytokines can be produced by both leukemic blasts and immune system cells and their role in the pathogenesis is not clear .Blood cells and their marrow based progenitors are exquisitely responsive to their environment, and cytokines are an essential part of it. The overexpression of cytokines in leukemia patients declines in complete remission suggesting that these events are dependent on AML activity. Aim of the study is to determine the serum levels of IL-6, IL-10 in newly diagnosed, under treatment and relapsed acute myeloid leukemia Iraqi patients and show their relation to response to chemotherapy and used as a prognostic markers in the evaluation of the therapy making them highly applicable to routine clinical laboratories. Methods: Serum levels of IL-6, IL-10 were estimated by using ELISA kit, in 120 patients with AML, That divided into 40 patients for each group (newly diagnosed, under treatment and relapsed), depending on the stages of the patients with chemotherapy, from February 2022 to April 2023 from Baghdad Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq. Forty healthy controls were also enrolled in this study. Results: IL-6 and IL-10 levels were significantly higher in newly diagnosed and relapsed patients with AML than in control group and their levels decreased when patients responded to chemotherapy. Conclusion: The current study showed that the serum concentrations of IL-6 and IL-10 in AML patients increased before chemotherapy and began to decreased after therapy. These results may be used as a prognostic markers for the success of chemotherapy and could offer an interesting approach for treatment of AML.