Effect of the polysaccharide extract from the edible mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus against infectious bursal disease virus.

Mircea Selegean,Mihai V Putz,Tatiana Rugea

doi:10.3390/ijms10083616

Mircea Selegean, Mihai V Putz + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms10083616

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Abstract

The polysaccharide-containing extracellular fractions (EFs) of the edible mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus have immunomodulating effects. Being aware of these therapeutic effects of mushroom extracts, we have investigated the synergistic relations between these extracts and BIAVAC and BIAROMVAC vaccines. These vaccines target the stimulation of the immune system in commercial poultry, which are extremely vulnerable in the first days of their lives. By administrating EF with polysaccharides from P. ostreatus to unvaccinated broilers we have noticed slow stimulation of maternal antibodies against infectious bursal disease (IBD) starting from four weeks post hatching. For the broilers vaccinated with BIAVAC and BIAROMVAC vaccines a low to almost complete lack of IBD maternal antibodies has been recorded. By adding 5% and 15% EF in the water intake, as compared to the reaction of the immune system in the previous experiment, the level of IBD antibodies was increased. This has led us to believe that by using this combination of BIAVAC and BIAROMVAC vaccine and EF from P. ostreatus we can obtain good results in stimulating the production of IBD antibodies in the period of the chicken first days of life, which are critical to broilers’ survival. This can be rationalized by the newly proposed reactivity biological activity (ReBiAc) principles by examining the parabolic relationship between EF administration and recorded biological activity.

Highlights

Many types of mushrooms have been used as Traditional Chinese Medicine, as well as functional foods in Japan and other Asian countries
We have followed the effect of extracellular fractions (EFs) from the edible mushroom P. ostreatus on broiler chickens which have not been vaccinated with BIAVAC and BIAROMVAC vaccines (Figure 1)
Our study proves the immunomodulatory ability of EF with polysaccharides extracted from P. ostreatus together with BIAVAC and BIAROMVAC vaccines, towards the stimulation of infectious bursal disease (IBD)–AB antibodies production

Summary

Introduction

Many types of mushrooms have been used as Traditional Chinese Medicine, as well as functional foods in Japan and other Asian countries. Edible mushrooms have beneficial health effects and in the treatment of some diseases thanks to their immunomodulatory, anti-neoplastic, antihyperglycemic and lipid-reducing properties [1,2]. In this way, water extracts of the Shiitake mushroom (Lentinus edodes), for example, have been shown to prevent tumors in mice. Mushroom (P. ostreatus) polysaccharides especially the high-molecular-weight β-D-glucan, have been considered to have anti-cancer activity [3]. These mushroom polysaccharides exhibited direct inhibitory effects on cancer cell growth by modulating cell-cycle progression and inducing apoptosis [3,4,5]. Many immunomodulation and antitumoral polysaccharides were isolated from mushrooms and extensively studied in Japan, China, and Europe [3]

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