Abstract
The aim of the research presented in this article is to investigate the frictional resistance of steel sheets with different drawing quality. Friction tests have been carried out using the bending under tension (BUT) test which simulates the contact conditions at the rounded edges of the punch and die in sheet metal forming operations. The effect of sheet deformation and temper state on the value of the coefficient of friction has been studied. It was found that increasing the value of elongation of the sheet is associated with an increase in the value of the COF for both friction conditions analysed. The intensity of work hardening, by changing the mechanical properties of the sheet, is a factor that changes contact conditions. The lubricant which is typically used in plastic working provided a reduction of frictional resistance by approximately 3.6-14%, depending on the degree of sheet deformation.
Highlights
The frictional resistances between the surfaces of both the deformed material and the tools in the sheet metal forming (SMF) process are one of the most important factors affecting the distribution of deformation in different zones of the workpiece
Increasing the value of elongation of the sheet is associated with an increase in the value of coefficient of friction (COF) for both friction conditions analysed (Figs. 3, 4)
Stabilisation of the frictional resistance is visible after exceeding a deformation of approximately = 0.2 (Fig. 3)
Summary
The frictional resistances between the surfaces of both the deformed material and the tools in the sheet metal forming (SMF) process are one of the most important factors affecting the distribution of deformation in different zones of the workpiece. Many factors affect processes that arise in the contact zone, i.e. the normal pressures, surface topography of sheet plate and tools, physicochemical phenomena, mechanical properties of the sheet material, and type of lubricant [14]. Friction causes tangential stresses on the contact surface that change the stress state and cause nonuniformity in deformation and an increase in forming forces.
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