Effect of the plant growth stimulant zeatin on regeneration capacity of some Physalis species in vitro culture

Olha Yaroshko ,Dzhamal Rakhmetov ,M V Kuchuk

doi:10.26565/2075-5457-2020-35-14

Abstract

The aim of the study was to find an efficient culture medium for regeneration of Physalis species in vitro to provide their further propagation ex vitro and obtain fructiferous plants from the regenerants. Physalis peruviana L., P. ixocarpa Broth. (cv. Likhtaryk), and P. pubescens L. (cv. Zarynka) were taken as plant material for the research. Plant introduction into culture and regenerant production were carried out in vitro; the rooting of mature plants and obtaining plants with ripe fruits took place in a greenhouse and in open ground (ex vitro). To obtain regenerants, we used Murashige and Skoog (MC30) medium supplemented with the growth stimulant zeatin (Zea) at a concentration of 0.5–3 mg/l. The growth stimulant 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) was used to elongate the regenerant stalks, and the growth stimulator α-naphthylacetic acid (NAA) was used to initiate root formation. Plant regeneration frequency and the number of regenerants per explant served as indicators of the efficiency of various zeatin concentrations on the physalis regenerative capacity. The most effective media for the shoot regeneration from cotyledonous leaf explants were MC30 + 1 mg/l Zea and MC30 + 2 mg/l Zea. Regeneration frequency on these media was 46.15 % and 53.84 % for P. ixocarpa (cv. Likhtaryk), 38.46 % and 45 % for P. peruviana, and 27 % and 34 % for P. pubescens (cv. Zarynka) respectively. The emerged regenerants were separated from explants and transferred to MC30 medium supplemented with 1 mg/l of BAP + 0.1 mg/l of NAA for stalk growth and rooting. After a month of cultivation, juvenile plants were obtained. They were transferred to a greenhouse for adaptation, and later to open ground at the experimental plot. Three months after the regenerant emergence, we obtained fertile plants, which bloomed and bore fruit. The regenerants for domestic varieties of P. ixocarpa (cv. Likhtaryk) and P. pubescens (cv. Zarynka) were obtained for the first time. We established a direct relationship between the concentration of zeatin and both the frequency of plant regeneration and the number of regenerants per explant.

Highlights

Physalis peruviana L., P. ixocarpa Broth., and P. pubescens L. are cultivated mainly in tropical and subtropical countries
Callus tissue was grown from leaves and internodes, and the regenerants on a medium MS30 + 2 mg/l BAP + 0.5 mg/l naphthylacetic acid (NAA) and on MS30 + 2.5 mg/l BAP + 0.5 mg/l NAA were obtained from it
Quite promising results of shoot regeneration were obtained on the medium MS30 + 1mg/l Zea (Fig. 1, 2, Table 1)

Summary

Introduction

Physalis peruviana L., P. ixocarpa Broth., and P. pubescens L. are cultivated mainly in tropical and subtropical countries. One of the main useful component of various Physalis species is betulin, which has antitumor properties. Sufficient amount of works on obtaining callus tissue and regeneration of various Physalis species have been conducted. A study of regenerative capacity was performed by a group headed by Rao (Rao et al, 2004), which resulted in obtaining regenerants for P. pubescens. Callus tissue was grown from leaves and internodes, and the regenerants on a medium MS30 + 2 mg/l BAP + 0.5 mg/l NAA and on MS30 + 2.5 mg/l BAP + 0.5 mg/l NAA were obtained from it. Ayyadurai investigated Physalis maxima regeneration capacity (Ramar, Ayyadurai, 2014). Srinath obtained regenerants from nodal segments of Physalis minima (Sandhya, Srinath, 2015). K. Ramar with a group of scientists investigated

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion