Effect of the Obesity on Maternal and Fetal Outcome in Pregnant Women Presenting to Tertiary Care Hospital

Abstract

Background: Obesity is well considered a well known risk factor for obstetric complications like pre eclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, intrauterine death, dysfunctional labour, meconium stained amniotic fluid, cesarean section, high birth weight and shoulder dystocia. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of maternal and fetal outcome in obese pregnant women. Material and Methods: This descriptive case series study was conducted in department of obstetrics and gynaecology, FGPC, Islamabad from Aug 1, 2017 to Feb 1, 2018. A total of 250 consecutive antenatal women with BMI > 30 Kg/m2 were included in the study. BMI was calculated according to weight and height of the patient using the formula Kg/m2. RESULTS: Out of 250 primigravidas , 84.4% had BMI of 30-35 Kg/m2 and 15 % BMI of 36-40 Kg/m2 . Gestational diabetes was diagnosed in 51 (20.4%) cases. Preeclampsia was observed in 12 (4.8%) patients. Seventy pts (28%) patients ended on cesarean section, 21 (8.4%) cases had induction of labour and 9 (3.6%) had pre term birth. Apgar score (>7) was seen in 61 (24.4%) cases. Macrosomia was observed in 55 (22%) cases. 20 (8%) patients had stillbirth. Conclusions: Maternal obesity in pregnancy is associated with high maternal and fetal complications. Keywords: complications. fetal, maternal; morbidity ,Obesity, overweight-; risk factors