Effect of the nutrition violation on the of development of functional gastrointestinal disorders in school-age children

Abstract

Nutrition is one of the important risk factors for the occurrence of functional gastrointestinal disorders in children (FGID).
 Objective — to study the nutrition violations in children with FGID.
 Materials and methods. Observation involved 110 children with FGID aged 6 to 18 years. The patients were divided into two groups:  I study group included 44 children with an overlap of functions dyspepsia (FD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The II study group consisted of 66 pediatric patients with FD. The control group consisted of 30 healthy children. The diagnosis of functional dyspepsia and IBS was established based on the clinical symptoms according to the Rome IV criteria (2016). To detect violations in the nutritional regimen and food preferences of schoolchildren, a questionnaire survey was performed with the use of the Youth Adolescent Food Frequency Questionnaire, adapted to the model of children’s nutrition in Ukraine.
 Results. The frequency of violations in the nutritional regimen, such as refusal of breakfast or a full lunch at school, reducing the daily frequency of meals, was higher in children with FGID than in healthy children. The violations of nutrition in children with overlapping FD and IBS was observed more often than in children with FD. The frequency of consumption of vegetables, cereals and grains was lower in children with FGID, and the consumption of meat, sausages and confectionery, fast food, chips, nuts and seeds, energetics and sweet carbonated beverages was higher than in healthy children. In children with overlapping FD and IBS, the frequency of consumption of vegetables, cereals and grains is lower, and the consumption of confectionery, fast food, energetics, and sweet carbonated drinks was higher than in children with FD.
 Conclusions. Violations of the regimen and quality of nutrition is a risk factor for the formation of FGIR in children and should be considered in the treatment.