Abstract
The input electrical impedance behaves as a capacitive when a piezoelectric transducer is excited near its resonance frequency. In order to increase the energy transmission efficiency, a series or parallel inductor should be used to compensate the capacitive impedance of the piezoelectric transducer. In this paper, the effect of the series matching inductor on the electromechanical characteristics of the piezoelectric transducer is analyzed. The dependency of the resonance/anti-resonance frequency, the effective electromechanical coupling coefficient, the electrical quality factor and the electro-acoustical efficiency on the matching inductor is obtained. It is shown that apart from compensating the capacitive impedance of the piezoelectric transducer, the series matching inductor can also change the electromechanical characteristics of the piezoelectric transducer. When series matching inductor is increased, the resonance frequency is decreased and the anti-resonance unchanged; the effective electromechanical coupling coefficient is increased. For the electrical quality factor and the electroacoustic efficiency, the dependency on the matching inductor is different when the transducer is operated at the resonance and the anti-resonance frequency. The electromechanical characteristics of the piezoelectric transducer with series matching inductor are measured. It is shown that the theoretically predicted relationship between the electromechanical characteristics and the series matching inductor is in good agreement with the experimental results.
Highlights
Piezoelectric transducers are widely used as emitters, sensors, resonators, filters and actuators in many fields to convert electrical and mechanical energy, such as piezoelectric motors, piezoelectric transformers, ultrasonic cleaning and welding, etc. [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]
It is shown that apart from compensating the capacitive impedance of the piezoelectric transducer, the series matching inductor can change the electromechanical characteristics of the piezoelectric transducer
It can be seen that the effective electromechanical coupling coefficient Keffc is determined by the resonance and anti-resonance frequencies of the piezoelectric transducer, which depend on the material, the geometrical dimensions and structure, and the electrical and mechanical loads
Summary
Piezoelectric transducers are widely used as emitters, sensors, resonators, filters and actuators in many fields to convert electrical and mechanical energy, such as piezoelectric motors, piezoelectric transformers, ultrasonic cleaning and welding, etc. [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]. Near the resonant resonance frequency, the are operated at the resonance frequency, the output mechanical or acoustical power and the energy piezoelectric transducer can be represented by a lumped electromechanical equivalent circuit as conversion efficiency reach the maximum value. Impedance obtained bycircuit the equation piezoelectric transducer, it can be seen that when the transducer is operated rear the resonance of P = UIcos(θ), where P, U, I, θ are the electric power, the voltage, the current and the phase angle frequency, the input and electric impedance is capacitive because of the parallel capacitance. In the following analysis, based on the electromechanical equivalent circuit of a high power sandwiched piezoelectric transducer, which is widely used in high power ultrasonic applications, such as ultrasonic cleaning, ultrasonic welding and ultrasonic machining, the effect of the series matching inductor is theoretically and experimentally studied. Based on the electromechanical equivalent circuit of a longitudinally sandwiched piezoelectric transducer [24,25], the equivalent circuit of a sandwiched piezoelectric transducer with a series transducer [24,25], the equivalent circuit of a sandwiched piezoelectric transducer with a series inductor transducer [24,25], the equivalent circuit of a sandwiched piezoelectric transducer with a series inductor
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