Abstract
The influence of hydrogen bonding on the solubility of carbazole and anthracene in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and isopropanolamine (IPA) is investigated accordingly by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis. The chemical shift for the free and hydrogen-bonding proton of the anthracene and carbazole solution in DMF, IPA, and the mixture of the two was collected by a 600 MHz 1H NMR spectrometer. It is proposed that DMF, IPA, and a mixture of the two would be able to efficiently refine carbazole from crude anthracene oil. This phenomenon is shown to be the result of the intermolecular hydrogen bond of N–H···O and N–H···N formed between carbazole and the DMF/IPA mixture solvent, which greatly enhanced the solubility of carbazole in DMF and IPA. The arising steric hindrance effects derived from the intermolecular hydrogen bonding between DMF and IPA result in the significant solubility decline of anthracene and carbazole in the DMF and IPA mixture.
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