Abstract
The porous titania growth during electrochemical anodization of titanium films and foils in the 0.1M ammonium fluoride (FNH4) solution in ethyleneglycol has been studied in the temperature range from −5°C to +20°C. Titania films with a smooth tubular morphology was found to be formed at the electrolyte temperatures below 0°C. The growth rate was as high as 1.5μm/min provided that the tube diameters were up to 300nm and the film porosity was less than 1%. Porous titanium anodization at the electrolyte temperature of 0°C and below induces formation of porous titania with a structure close to ideal packed hexagonal prisms with a smooth tubular surface. The mechanism of the appearance of such structure is discussed.
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