Effect of the earthquake-tsunami (Chile, 2010) on toxic metal content in the Chilean abalone mollusc Concholepas concholepas

Abstract

Toxic metal content were measured in samples of mollusc Concholepas concholepas obtained from the Chilean coast. Samples were collected during two periods, one before and one after the earthquake-tsunami which occurred in the Maule Region, Chile, February 27th, 2010 as a result of an earthquake with a magnitude of 8.8. Quantification of toxic metals in samples of hepatopancreas and muscle tissue was performed using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy. The analytical methodology was validated with certified reference material. The content means measured in muscle tissue for January 2010 were Cu: 10.3; Cr: 0.7; Cd: < 0.1; Mn: 3.6 and Zn: 38.6 µg g−1 (dry weight). For October 2014, the means were Cu: 8; Cr: 2.4; Cd: < 0.1; Mn: 5.6 and Zn: 45.4 µg g−1 (dry weight). In hepatopancreas tissue, the content means were Cu: 14.8; Cr: 2.4; Cd: 246.2; Mn: 4.4 and Zn: 1552.9 µg g−1 (dry weight). For October 2014, the means were Cu: 53.7; Cr: 3.5; Cd: 118; Mn: 13.4 and Zn: 1352.3 µg g−1 (dry weight). Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn and Zn content in the samples of hepatopancreas were generally higher than those recorded in muscle tissue however they were not always statistically significant. Statistical analysis showed that Cu and Mn content in the post-tsunami period increased in the hepatopancreas tissue. The concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, and Zn measured in the muscular tissue (edible part) of the species Conchalepas concholepas, were lower than the maximum contents allowed by the current legislation (FAO/WHO, 2004; EU, 2001) and its consumption is not a risk to human health.