Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of the longitudinal distance between a cutting disc and a fertilizer furrow opener on the operational performance of the furrow opener working at different forward speeds during soil mobilization. The soil in the experimental area was classified as Typic Hapludalf with a loam soil texture. The experiment involved 24 treatment combinations in a 2 × 3 × 4 factorial scheme. These combinations were formed by the interaction of the following factors: furrow opening mechanisms, longitudinal distance from the center of the cutting mechanism to center of the furrow opener, and forward speeds. The effects of the tools on the soil mobilization variables were characterized in three phases: analysis of the natural profile and elevation and mobilization of the soil using a microprofilometer. A statistical analysis of variance was performed on the acquired data and the significance of the factors was verified using an F test. The furrow opener factor significantly substantially influenced all variables, whereas the distance significantly modified only the soil swelling and elevated soil area, with a reduction of approximately 30% in this variable when separating the mechanisms by an additional meter. Likewise, for a hoe furrow opener, the speed significantly influenced only the maximum depth of the furrow. Hence, we recommend the installation of fertilizer furrow openers close to the cutting mechanisms to increase the quality of the furrows produced in seeding operations using the direct planting system.
Highlights
Agricultural mechanization describes the application of technology in agricultural development
One specific innovation, which fostered the evolution of Brazilian agriculture, was the development of a direct planting system (DPS)
Physical characterization of the soil was conducted through the collection of field samples at depths of 0–0.20 m, with subsequent analyses in the Laboratory of Agricultural Machinery Research and Development (LASERG) following the methodology proposed by EMBRAPA (1997) for determination of soil density and water content
Summary
Agricultural mechanization describes the application of technology in agricultural development. Investigations regarding this subject have enabled an increase in the productivity of cultures and significant advances in the search for increased efficiency of agricultural operations. Applying such mechanized innovations actively seeks specific solutions to social, economic, and technical problems (Daum & Birner, 2020; Loon et al, 2020; Amoozad-Khalili et al, 2020; Paudel et al, 2019; Aguilera et al, 2019). The objective of this work was to determine the effect of the longitudinal distance between the culture residue cutting disc and the fertilizer furrow opener on the operational performance of the furrow opener, while working at varying forward speeds.
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