Effect of the diallel cross line and generation on some productive traits in two lines of quail bird (brown and gold)

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the diallel cross between the two lines on some productive traits, depending on plumage color, to get a genetic combination that is distinguished in productive performance and superior in its performance on pure lines, to demonstrate 79 chicks of quail with brown plumage and 72 chicks of golden plumage color one-day old, mating resulting from two lines of quail, were used in the study. 10 males from the golden plumage colour line and 10 females from the brown plumage colour line to perform crosses as for reciprocal crosses 10 males from the brown plumage colour line and 10 females from the golden plumage colour line. These birds selected and raised in rooms with dimensions of 40 x 40 x 40 cm were numbered and distributed Randomly placed to rooms in the form of families and each one by (1: 1), the productive traits of the parents and the first generation were measured. The experiment was designed according to the design of the Factorial Experiment Design to study the effect of the diallel cross, generation and the overlap between them.The results of the study showed the superiority of crosses over reciprocal crosses regardless of the effect of the generation on the average body weight trait at sexual maturity, and the first generation also outperformed the parents regardless of the effect of the mutilation of the same trait, while no significant differences were found between crosses and reciprocal crosses as well between parents. and the first generation in the trait of the average age at sexual maturity, the average weight of the first egg, the average number of eggs, the weight of the eggs, and the mass of eggs during 56 days of production. Sexual maturity, the average weight of the first egg, the average number of eggs, egg weight, and egg mass during 56 days of production. The results also indicated that the first generation of reciprocal crosses achieved the highest heterosis in the trait of average body weight at sexual maturity and the average weight of the first egg while crosses and reciprocal crosses parents achieved the highest heterosis in the trait of average egg number, average egg weight and average egg mass, as for the trait of average age at sexual maturity the crosses and reciprocal crosses parents of and achieved the highest negative heterosis for early life at sexual maturity.