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Abstract
Low-power instrument transformers (LPITs) are spreading among the distribution network thanks to their features (e.g., compactness, lightness, enhanced bandwidth, etc.). It is then a fundamental to guide users and manufacturers to a correct usage and manufacturing of the LPITs. Technical committees, which are in charge of writing dedicated standards, often tackle such a task. Focusing on the current type of LPITs, the low-power current transformers (LPCTs), the associated standard is the IEC 61869-10, which is going to be improved in 2021. To this purpose, the work aims at providing new inputs for the future version of such a standard. In particular, the focus is pointed towards the effects of the conductor positioning on the window-type LPCT accuracy. Literature and gained experience in the field are the two pillars that have been used to refine the outcomes of the work, which are provided in terms of suggestions for each technical aspect, as discussed in the standard, related to LPCTs.
Highlights
The digitalization of the power grid requires that all existing electric assets adapt themselves to a new concept of grid [1,2,3,4]
The digitalization results in two possible solutions: (i) the development of intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) to be connected to existing instrument transformers (ITs); (ii) the development of a new generation of ITs that answer to the incoming needs
The results shown in [36] demonstrate that the mutual inductance of the low-power current transformers (LPCTs) decreases as much has the ratio between the coil radius and the busbar dimensions decreases
Summary
The digitalization of the power grid requires that all existing electric assets adapt themselves to a new concept of grid [1,2,3,4]. (i) the development of intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) to be connected to existing instrument transformers (ITs); (ii) the development of a new generation of ITs that answer to the incoming needs. Both ways have been studied and tackled in the last decades. A current or voltage LPIT is an “arrangement, consisting of one or more current or voltage transformer(s) which may be connected to transmitting systems and secondary converters, all intended to transmit a low-power analogue or digital output signal to measuring instruments, meters and protective or control devices or similar apparatus” [15]. The LPCT must be fast enough to communicate the danger condition to the relays of the network, which will open and extinguish the fault.
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