Abstract
In this paper, we have investigated the dependence of both the electromechanical effect and the electrostriction on the compressive stress in PMN-30%PT single crystal on the basis of single domain polarization rotation model. In the model, the electroelastic energy induced by the compressive stress is taken into account. The results have demonstrated that the compressive stress can lead to a significant change in the initial polarization state in the crystal. The reason lies in the stress induced anisotropy which is the coupling between the compressive stress and the electrostrictive coefficients. Thus, the initial polarization state in single crystal is determined by the combination of both electrocrystalline anisotropy and the stress induced anisotropy. The compressive stress along the [100] axis can make the polarization in the crystal be perpendicular to the stress direction, and make it difficult to be polarized to the saturation. This model is useful for better understanding both the polarization rotation and electromechanical effect in ferroelectric crystals with the compressive stress present.
Highlights
It has been experimentally confirmed that for most ferroelectric crystals with large electrostriction the compressive stress can effectively modify their polarization states.1–14 For example, in the presence of the compressive stress, the remnant polarization, the coercivity, and the hysteresis can be significantly decreased
The results have demonstrated that the compressive stress can lead to a significant change in the initial polarization state in the crystal
The reason lies in the stress induced anisotropy which is the coupling between the compressive stress and the electrostrictive coefficients
Summary
It has been experimentally confirmed that for most ferroelectric crystals with large electrostriction the compressive stress can effectively modify their polarization states. For example, in the presence of the compressive stress, the remnant polarization, the coercivity, and the hysteresis can be significantly decreased. A phenomenological theory has been proposed for understanding polarization rotation in ferroelectric crystals.19,20 In this model, the electrocrystalline anisotropy has been introduced without considering the piezoelectric effect. The investigations of BaTiO3 and PZN-PT single crystals have shown that the model is in good agreement with experimental data, and effective for both polarization rotation and phase transitions in the crystals.. The investigations of BaTiO3 and PZN-PT single crystals have shown that the model is in good agreement with experimental data, and effective for both polarization rotation and phase transitions in the crystals.19–22 These results suggested that the electrocrystalline anisotropy determines the polarization rotation and the crystal structure of crystal, and clearly indicates its physical significance. Our numerical results are in good agreement with the experimental observations
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