Effect of the carbon material nature on cathodic intercalation of lithium

Abstract

Kinetics of the formation of a LixC6 anode are studied. The anode is formed by a cathodically intercalating lithium into such carbon materials as spectral graphite, carbonized fiber, and carbonized cloth of the Elur brand, in LiClO4 solutions in a mixture of propylene carbonate and dimethoxyethane. Stable phases of LixC6 form at potentials of-3.05 to -3.25 V relative to a non-aqueous Ag/AgCl electrode. A prolonged cathodic polarization makes lithium diffuse deeper into the electrode, the process being accompanied by a deeper lithiation of carbon materials. In the case of spectral graphite, compounds CxLiClO4 and CxClO4 form alongside LixC6.