Abstract
We systematically investigate the effects made by the anomalous magnetic moment (AMM) of quark in the magnetized QCD matter, including the magnetic susceptibility, the inverse magnetic catalysis around the critical temperature and the modified neutral and or charged pion and rho meson's spectra. The dynamical AMM of quark, coupling with magnetic field, causes Zeeman splitting in the energy dispersion of quark and thus changes the magnetism properties and masses of magnetized mesons. Unfortunately, we found that the lattice results of the quark matter under magnetic fields cannot fully be explained via including the AMM interaction. It is observed that the AMM of quark reduces the dynamical quark mass and therefore induces the inverse magnetic catalysis around ${T}_{c}$. The neutral pion is very sensitive to the AMM term and its mass decreases with magnetic field quickly. On the contrary, the charged pion mass shows a nontrivial behavior, i.e., linearly increases with the weak and moderate magnetic fields and then saturates at strong region. For rho mesons, AMM coupling modifies the masses of neutral rho particles for all ${s}_{z}$ consistently, while it reduces the masses of charged rho mesons for ${s}_{z}=+1$, 0 but enhances the mass of ${s}_{z}=\ensuremath{-}1$ state. The magnetic susceptibility at low temperatures can be either positive or negative with different strengths of AMM interaction.
Highlights
Understanding properties of QCD matter under strong magnetic filed is of vital importance to further explore the interior of magnetar [1,2], neutron-star merges [3,4], noncentral heavy-ion collisions [5,6], and the evolution of the early universe [7]
We systematically investigate the effects made by the anomalous magnetic moment (AMM) of quark in the magnetized QCD matter, including the magnetic susceptibility, the inverse magnetic catalysis around the critical temperature and the modified neutral and or charged pion and rho meson’s spectra
With the presence of a magnetic field background, the strongly interacting matter shows a large number of exotic phenomena, for example, chiral magnetic effect (CME) [13,14,15,16], magnetic catalysis (MC) in the vacuum [17,18,19], inverse magnetic catalysis (IMC) around the critical temperature [20,21,22]
Summary
Understanding properties of QCD matter under strong magnetic filed is of vital importance to further explore the interior of magnetar [1,2], neutron-star merges [3,4], noncentral heavy-ion collisions [5,6], and the evolution of the early universe [7]. [36,37] the authors employed the Ritus eigenfunction method in the two-flavor NJL model, which allows us to properly take into account the presence of Schwinger phases in the quark propagators They found that in the region eB ∼ 0–1.5 GeV2, neutral pion mass decreases slightly while charged pion mass steadily increases. [26] shows that the neutral pion mass decreases with the magnetic field while the charged pion and kaon present non-monotonic behaviors, which first increases linearly and decreases as magnetic field increasing, and all these masses show a saturation at eB ≳ 2.5 GeV2, which are quite different from pointparticle approximation and previous results from effective models.
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