Abstract
Tetragonal zirconia (3YSZ) and cermet nickel–tetragonal zirconia (Ni/3YSZ) were obtained by citric method. The porosity of samples was increased by addition of two kind of pore-forming agents: graphite and ammonium bicarbonate. The different influence of this pore former on microstructure of cermet materials was found on the basis of density, total porosity and open porosity measurements and SEM/EDX analysis. TG/DTA/EGA analysis shows that thermal behaviour of pores agent directly affects microstructure properties of material. The analysis of porosity reveals that after sintering at 1200 °C in the case of samples without nickel, addition of both graphite and ammonium bicarbonate allows one to obtain above 30 vol% of open porosity. In the case of nickel cermet, only addition of 40 vol% of NH4HCO3 to the sample retains required open porosity. The results of electrical measurements show that changes of samples microstructure cause by adding of pore former do not affect significantly the conductivity of nickel–cermet samples. Ammonium bicarbonate is found to be a proper pore former for increasing porosity of anode materials for SOFC.
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